Threat Tracker

Authoritarian Action Watch

Authoritarians use a consistent playbook of seven tactics. We’re tracking how rapidly the use and effectiveness of those tactics is changing in the U.S.

Authoritarian actions in the U.S. are

6

Status: Rapidly Escalating

Graphic representing the current threat level with seven levels ranging from Improving to Worsening.

Understanding the Ratings

Tactics Ordered from Most Escalating to Least Escalating

Click on a tactic to view more information.

  1. Aggrandizing Executive Power

    6

    Status: Rapidly Escalating

    Rapidly Escalating

    Aggrandizing Executive Power

    The president has resumed a war on his own authority, and Congress has made no effort to object.

    On July 8, the interim truce between the U.S. and Iran collapsed after Iran allegedly struck multiple commercial vessels in the Strait of Hormuz; the U.S. responded with strikes on Iranian territory, and Iran hit back at U.S. regional allies, with the UAE reporting Iranian missiles struck two of its tankers and killed a crew member. U.S. Central Command resumed its naval blockade of Iranian ports that same day. Trump’s only nod to Congress was a formal notification that “limited” military action had resumed — the minimum the War Powers Resolution requires, not a request for authorization, and a far cry from the debate over troop withdrawal the Senate was having two weeks earlier.

    The fighting has only escalated since then. Speaking to reporters in the Oval Office, Trump said the U.S. would “ultimately control the Strait of Hormuz,” adding, “We’re attacking them tonight, and we’re taking out all of their capability for anything having to do with the strait… I think in the end we will end up just controlling the whole thing.”

    None of this has gone through Congress. The Senate, which couldn’t hold together a bipartisan majority for withdrawal even during a ceasefire, is now watching as the president wages a war whose scope he himself describes as open-ended — floating outright U.S. control of one of the world’s most important oil chokepoints as a war aim, not a ceasefire condition. Whatever appetite existed in Congress in June to reassert Article I war powers hasn’t produced any mechanism to actually stop a war the president has decided, on his own, to keep fighting.

  2. Politicizing Independent Institutions

    6

    Status: Rapidly Escalating

    Rapidly Escalating

    Politicizing Independent Institutions

    Two Supreme Court rulings extend the president’s control over federal agencies.

    On June 29, the Supreme Court overturned Humphrey’s Executor v. United States, the 91-year-old precedent that has allowed Congress to shield independent agency leaders from removal except “for cause.” In a 6-3 ruling, the Court found that Trump’s 2025 firing of Federal Trade Commissioner Rebecca Kelly Slaughter without cause was lawful. Writing for the majority, Chief Justice Roberts dismissed the precedent as “a result in search of a rationale” and declared that “subordinates who exercise the president’s power are subject to removal by him.”

    The ruling’s reach extends far beyond the FTC. For decades, Humphrey’s Executor has protected roughly two dozen agencies designed to operate independently, and above partisan politics — including the FCC, the Nuclear Regulatory Commission, and the National Transportation Safety Board. Stripping their leaders of removal protections clears the way for a president to purge regulators who resist his agenda and replace them with loyalists, collapsing the independence that allows these institutions to police elections, markets, communications, and safety without fear of retaliation.

    In a separate same-day ruling, the Court drew one line the administration didn’t get to cross: a 5-4 majority blocked Trump’s attempt to immediately remove Federal Reserve Governor Lisa Cook over disputed mortgage-fraud allegations, finding the Fed uniquely insulated from at-will removal and that Cook hadn’t been afforded due process.

    Justice Sotomayor’s dissent in the Slaughter case, warning the decision “promises only chaos,” underscores what’s now at stake: the leaders of federal agencies, with the exception of the Fed, are now much more beholden to the president.

  3. Corrupting Elections

    6

    Status: Rapidly Escalating

    Rapidly Escalating

    Corrupting Elections

    Trump’s election speech is an attempt to undermine 2026.

    In a speech on June 16, President Trump repackaged a wide variety of claims about the 2020 election, including that multiple foreign actors attempted to interfere with the election. There is no credible evidence to support these claims, and multiple studies of 2020 have confirmed that the election was safe and secure.

    On their face, those claims might seem like Trump indulging a personal obsession — he thinks he won in 2020, and he needs to prove it. As we’ve covered over the past few months, though, his claims serve a larger purpose. They are designed not just to relitigate 2020, but to undermine confidence in the 2026 midterms and to justify new measures to enable his allies to override our elections. This is one piece of a broader strategy that the president has pursued for months: Deceive the American people about the security of our elections, Disrupt the playing field in ways that favor his party, and ultimately Deny results he doesn’t like after ballots are cast.

    The best way to combat election lies is to understand how much control each of us still has over the outcome of this election. The president and his allies want us to feel like we won’t be able to vote, or our votes won’t be counted or won’t matter. Our job is to prove them wrong, by exercising our right to vote and making sure our votes are counted, regardless of candidate or party preference.

  4. Quashing Dissent

    6

    Status: Rapidly Escalating

    Rapidly Escalating

    Quashing Dissent

    The government is using "threat" investigations to punish ordinary Americans for harsh political speech.

    On June 23, Homeland Security Investigations agents showed up at the Rochester, NY home of David Streever — a private citizen, not a public figure — over an email he’d sent five months earlier calling then-Acting ICE Director Todd Lyons a “monstrous human being” after ICE agents fatally shot two U.S. citizens during the Minneapolis surge. Agents left his wife a “WARNING NOTICE” citing federal threat statutes, then tracked him to a New York City hotel days later when he returned from a vacation abroad with his 7-year-old daughter. The same day, agents separately confronted a Syracuse woman at her polling-place job over an Instagram post.

    On July 6, Streever sued DHS, arguing that the five-month gap between the email and the agents’ visit undercuts any claim he posed a real threat, and that the real purpose was to chill criticism of ICE. The lawsuit also describes a similar incident involving another critic who emailed an ICE attorney and was later hit with a DHS subpoena to Google for his email account before agents showed up at his home.

    As these incidents demonstrate, the administration is now making efforts to quash the speech not only of its well-known political opponents, but also of regular people who speak against the administration or its policies online.

  5. Spreading Disinformation

    6

    Status: Rapidly Escalating

    Rapidly Escalating

    Spreading Disinformation

    California calls attention to the Executive Override strategy.

    In the days and weeks after the California primary results were reported, President Trump and his allies repeatedly insisted that the results were “rigged.” This insistence that results the president didn’t like were invalid, even though it was not a uniformly bad night for Republicans in the state, is part of the same fundamental playbook that the White House has used since 2020. The difference this time is that those election lies are coming with the full weight of the federal government behind them. In the days after the initial claims were made, the Department of Justice opened an investigation into the elections. That investigation is apparently still ongoing.

    As Protect Democracy’s Executive Override report documents, the administration has made election denialism official federal policy — using investigative and enforcement powers to manufacture the appearance of fraud and flood the public with disinformation designed to erode confidence in the 2026 midterms. Trump and his allies’ claims about California being in some way rigged are perfectly in line with this broader playbook. The report warns that conspiracy theories and bogus investigations serve not only to deceive voters now, but to lay the groundwork for the administration’s final gambit: contesting or overturning 2026 election results that the administration doesn’t like. Lending the DOJ’s institutional credibility to election disinformation accelerates both goals simultaneously.

  6. Targeting Vulnerable Communities

    6

    Status: Rapidly Escalating

    Rapidly Escalating

    Targeting Vulnerable Communities

    ICE has fatally shot two more people in the last week alone.

    The reckless violence by ICE agents that killed Renée Good and Alex Pretti in Minneapolis this January hasn’t stopped — it’s spread. On July 7, an ICE officer shot and killed 52-year-old Lorenzo Salgado Araujo in Houston while he was driving a construction crew to work; Araujo had lived in the U.S. roughly 35 years and had three U.S. citizen children. Six days later, an agent shot and killed 26-year-old Joan Sebastian Guerrero, a Colombian national authorized to work in the U.S., as he drove through Biddeford, Maine. In both cases, officials gave the same justification used after Good’s killing: that the driver “weaponized” his vehicle. Neither man was the target of an operation.

    The deaths land amid a surge in enforcement — roughly 10,000 arrests in five days at end of June — and a rising toll: over 60 deaths in ICE shootings or custody since Trump retook office, with at least 21 in-custody deaths in 2026 alone as of July 6, already on pace to exceed 2025’s record 33 deaths. This level of violence is unacceptable. The promised ICE surge appears to have arrived, and with it, the same level of chaos and bloodshed that happened the last time the administration ramped up its targeting of vulnerable communities across the country.

  7. Stoking Violence

    5

    Status: Escalating

    Escalating

    Stoking Violence

    Sweeping "domestic terrorism" sentences turn an actual shooting into a tool for criminalizing protest broadly.

    On July 1, a federal judge in Fort Worth handed down the final wave of sentences in the Prairieland ICE detention center case — some as long as 50 to 100 years — for a July 4, 2025 protest outside an Alvarado, Texas immigration facility where one attendee shot and wounded a police officer. The officer survived. But prosecutors charged and convicted sixteen people under a “material support to terrorists” theory tied to Trump’s September 2025 designation of antifa as a domestic terrorist organization — a designation civil liberties groups note has no formal legal definition, meaning it functions less as a criminal statute than as a label prosecutors can attach to political protest.

    Several of those sentenced weren’t accused of firing a weapon: one defendant received 30 years for moving a box of “antifascist zines,” and a married couple who said they arrived late and left when confronted by guards were each sentenced to 50 years. U.S. District Judge Reed O’Connor said he wanted the sentences to “send a message to anyone who shares a similar ideology,” while then-Acting AG Todd Blanche framed the case as proof that “Antifa terrorists who attack law enforcement… will face swift and uncompromising justice.”

    Violence is never an acceptable part of political discourse. In weaponizing this single act of violence, though, the Trump administration has worked to quash the dissent of more than a dozen political opponents, many of whom had nothing to do with the shooting, and potentially made other protesters more concerned about the harsh consequences they might face for opposing the administration.